Bauhaus
The Bauhaus movement recognized and accepted the modern trends of using technology and employed industrial process when producing arts. It developed through a rapid growth of industry and an after effect of World War I, in Germany. Although this movement emphasized on associating simplified forms and the idea of mass production, it still held holding artistic spirit. Its ideas were mainly about modifying the nature of goods and utilizing the industry to produce great works of art. Fundamentally, since Bauhaus movement urged to adopt industrialization as a crucial aspect and to produce goods, students were trained to “design for the mass production”[1]. This became inevitable of individuals of Bauhaus movement to learn the modern process and transit to the next generation. This could be reinterpreted as a great distinction from the reactionary tendencies of Arts and Crafts movement. The Bauhaus movement believed that artists should adapt the realities of the industrial times and engage in by learning the industrial processes in order to produce goods that would enhance people’s lives. This movement saw independent production as “no longer very vital”, but saw the needs for training students as craftsmen for designing for mass production[2]. Due to the development of industrialization the society tended to focus on the profits rather than the needs, thereby degrading the quality of the arts. While others were busy focusing on making the profit, the Bauhaus movement taught students in order to produce useful and beautiful products even made in factories. In this sense, the Bauhaus movement was able to survive and adapt to the new era of industrial products while the Arts and Craft movement tried to maintain its tradition way of handcraft. However, both movements agreed that all these movements were possible due to the rise of industrial civilization and were aesthetically improved.
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Marcel Breuer
Laszlo Moholy-Nagy
Herbert Bayer
[1] quoted in Literature: Art and Design, Atlantic Richfield, Corporate art, p17
[2] quoted in Literature: Arts and Crafts Movement, Steven Adams, William Morris, p. 25